Hi guys in this article we study the topic Purchase Requisition Sap Material Management it is important topic in Sap MM and with help of PR  company perform procure to pay cycle so with out wasting of time let's discuss further information, 

Purchase Requisition Sap Material Management

Purchase Requisition Sap

Purchase requisition is internal document for asking your purchase department to buy a particular quantity of goods or material for particular date. Purchase requisition is remains with the org.

Purchase requisition is generate directly or indirectly. Directly means PR created by user in department. Whenever creates PR decides how many quantities, which material ordered and date.

Indirectly means that PR is created automatically as follows

1) In MRP

2) In production orders

3) With maintenance orders.

In SAP Material Management (MM), a purchase requisition is a document used to initiate the procurement process for materials or services. It serves as a formal request from a department or individual within an organization to the purchasing department to procure specific items.

Creating a Purchase Requisition in SAP MM typically involves the following steps:

Accessing the Purchase Requisition Transaction: In SAP, you can create apurchase requisition using the transaction code ME51N (Create) or ME52N (Change).

Enter the Requisition Header Information: In the initial screen, you need to enter the necessary header information for the purchase requisition. This includes details such as the requisitioner, the requesting department, and the delivery date.

Specifying the Item Details: In the item overview section, you can add the items or services that you need to procure. You need to provide information such as the material or service number, the required quantity, the unit of measure, and any additional details like account assignment information (e.g., cost center, project, etc.).

Entering Vendor Information (Optional): If you have a specific vendor in mind for the procurement, you can enter the vendor details in the vendor field for each item. This information is optional and can be left blank if you want the purchasing department to determine the vendor.

Adding Additional Information (Optional): You can include any additional information or comments related to the purchase requisition, such as special instructions or requirements.

Saving and Releasing the Purchase Requisition: Once you have entered all the necessary information, you can save the purchase requisition. If you are authorized, you can also release it, which means it becomes available for further processing by the purchasing department.

After the purchase requisition is created and released, it can be used as the basis for creating a purchase order (PO) or for other procurement processes within the organization.

It's important to note that the specific steps and fields may vary depending on the SAP system version and the configuration settings implemented by your organization. Therefore, it's recommended to refer to your organization's SAP documentation or consult with an SAP expert to ensure you follow the correct process tailored to your system's configuration.

Types of Purchase Requisition :

a) standard 

b) Consignment (K)

c) Subcontracting (L) 

d) Stock transfer (U) 

e) Service (D)

f) Third party (S)

Path for creating Purchase requisition - Sap R. image - logistic general - material management - purchasing - purchasing requisition

T code for creating PR

Create PR - ME51N

Change PR - ME52N

Display PR - ME53N.

Let's see the PR structure in sap,

PR screen divided in three parts

Purchase Requisition Sap Material Management

1) Header data :

 As per Company requirement we can maintain note. In company there is cycle to maintain notes to see important information we maintain header data.

2) Item overview : 

In item overview we maintain important data like material, plant, storage location, delivery date, short text, unit, material group, purchase group, purchase org, tracking no other details as per requirement.

3) Item details :

In item details tab gives more information about details of material quantity, valuation, contact person, delivery address. status, source of supply, texts, valuation.

In PR standard document type is NB, generally any org. use this type for requisition.

we can create purchase requisition only use of four details like a) material b) delivery date c) quantity d) location

In PR price is always comes from material master. So for this reason we can always maintain material price in material master data.

Types of Purchase Requisitions :-

SAP, there are two types of purchase requisitions:

Stock material purchase requisitions: 

These are requisitions for materials that are kept in stock and are used in the production process or for other purposes. Stock material purchase requisitions can be created manually or generated automatically based on the requirements planning.

Consumable material purchase requisitions: 

These are requisitions for materials that are not kept in stock, such as office supplies or maintenance materials. Consumable material purchase requisitions are generally created manually by employees who need the materials.

we see some important questions related to this topic wich will help you to understand this topic as business point of view,

What is the role of purchase requisition?

A purchase requisition is an internal document used by organizations to request the purchase of goods or services. It serves as a formal request that a department submits to the purchasing or procurement department to initiate the purchasing process.

Role of Purchase Requisition:

Internal Control: The purchase requisition acts as a control mechanism within the organization to ensure that purchases are made for valid business needs and that they are properly authorized. This helps in preventing unauthorized or unnecessary expenditures.

Approval Workflow: It sets the stage for the approval process, where relevant managers or departments review and approve the request before a purchase order is created. This ensures that spending aligns with the budget and organizational priorities.

Clear Communication: It provides clear communication about the requirements for goods or services, including specifications, quantities, and delivery timelines. This ensures that the purchasing department understands exactly what is needed.

Budget Control: It helps track and manage the organization's budget. The requisition specifies the expected cost, allowing the finance or accounting departments to monitor expenses and make adjustments if necessary.

Purchase Planning: A purchase requisition is often used in forecasting and planning for future needs. By reviewing requisitions, an organization can better estimate its procurement requirements and adjust inventory levels.

Audit Trail: It provides a documented trail of requests, approvals, and purchases for audit purposes. This can be useful for financial audits or internal reviews, ensuring that procurement processes are transparent and accountable.

In short, the purchase requisition plays a critical role in ensuring that purchases are made in a structured and accountable manner. It helps maintain control over organizational spending and aligns procurement activities with overall business objectives.

Who submits a purchase requisition?

purchase requisition is typically submitted by the department or individual that requires the goods or services. This could include:

Department Heads: Managers or department heads who recognize the need for goods or services to support their team's operations will usually submit the requisition. For example, the head of the IT department may request new computers or software.

Employees or Staff: In some cases, individual employees may submit requisitions if they identify the need for specific supplies, equipment, or services to perform their duties. However, the requisition will usually require approval from a supervisor or manager before it is sent to the purchasing department.

Project Managers: For project-based needs, project managers may submit requisitions for materials, equipment, or services necessary for the project's completion.

Inventory or Warehouse Managers: If the stock of items (e.g., raw materials, office supplies, etc.) is running low, inventory or warehouse managers may submit requisitions to ensure that supplies are replenished in a timely manner.

The process usually starts with the department or individual recognizing a need, followed by the submission of the requisition. Once submitted, it typically undergoes an approval process before moving to procurement.

So in this article we learned topic Purchase Requisition Sap Material Management hope you understand well.

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