In this lesson we learn about What is Elasticity? Elastic limit, Young's modulus, Modules of rigidity and Factor of safety? this topics plays important role to study the subject strength of materials.

What is Elasticity?, Elastic limit, Young's modulus, Modules of rigidity and Factor of safety?

 

What is Elasticity?

 When outside force act on body, tends to undergo some deformation. If the outside force removed and come back to its actual shape and dimension known as elastic body. 

By this things of which certain materials come back to their actual position after removal of outside force called elasticity.

Elasticity in economics measures how one economic variable responds to changes in another. For instance, price elasticity of demand (PED) measures how quantity demanded changes in response to price changes. 

What is elastic limit?

The body will recover its earlier Shape and dimensions only when the deformation caused by the outside force, is with in certain limit. 

There is limiting value of force up to and with in which, the deformation completely disappears the removal of force.

 The value of stress reciprocal to this restrict force is known as elastic limit.

The elastic limit refers to the point at which a material undergoes permanent deformation after being subjected to stress, beyond which it won't return to its original shape once the stress is removed. It's a crucial concept in material science and engineering, indicating the maximum stress a material can withstand without undergoing permanent changes.

What is Young's modulus?

 The ratio of compressive stress to corresponding strain is continuous.

 This ratio is known as Young's modulus. Is mentioned by E.

 

   E = Compressive stress/compressive strain 

It quantifies how much a material will deform (stretch or compress) under a given amount of applied force. 

Young's modulus is defined as the ratio of stress to strain within the elastic limit of the material. It's expressed in units of pressure, such as Pascals (Pa) or pounds per square inch (psi), and is used extensively in engineering to predict how materials will behave under various conditions of stress and strain.

   

Modules Of  Rigidity?

 It is the ratio of shear stress to shear strain with in the elastic limit, is known as modules of rigidity. 

Denoted by G.

The modulus of rigidity, also known as shear modulus or rigidity modulus, measures a material's resistance to shearing forces. It quantifies how much a material deforms when subjected to shear stress.

 It's particularly relevant in materials like metals and alloys, where deformation occurs due to applied forces parallel to one another. 

The modulus of rigidity is calculated as the ratio of shear stress to shear strain and is expressed in units of pressure, such as Pascals (Pa) or pounds per square inch (psi). It's an essential parameter in engineering calculations involving torsion, bending, and other shear-related phenomena.

  Factor Of Safety?

 It defined as the ratio of ultimate tensile stress to working stress.

 F.O.S. = Ultimate stress/ Permissible stress

The factor of safety is a measure used in engineering and design to ensure that a structure or component can withstand loads and stresses beyond those it's expected to encounter during normal operation. 

It's calculated by dividing the maximum load or stress a structure can withstand by the expected or design load or stress. The resulting factor indicates how much stronger the structure is compared to what is needed for its intended purpose.

 A higher factor of safety means the structure is more robust and less likely to fail under unexpected conditions or overloads. It's a critical consideration in ensuring the safety and reliability of engineered systems and structures.

So in this article we learn What is Elasticity, Elastic limit, Young's modulus, Modules of rigidity and Factor of safety? hope you understand well.